In which disease are delta bursts commonly seen reappearing 3 to 5 minutes after the cessation of hyperventilation?

Delta bursts are often identified in the context of Moyamoya disease. This condition is characterized by progressive stenosis of the internal carotid arteries and their major branches, leading to reduced cerebral blood flow and an increased propensity for ischemic events. During the hyperventilation that is typically part of the diagnostic process, the brain's response can involve these delta bursts.

Following hyperventilation, which typically reduces cerebral blood flow, delta bursts may reappear approximately 3 to 5 minutes after normal breathing resumes. This pattern signifies the brain's altered electrical activity and lack of adequate oxygenation due to the underlying vascular pathology of Moyamoya disease. The delta bursts are associated with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) and are reflective of the deficiency in perfusion that is characteristic of this condition.

In contrast, while epilepsy can show various types of bursts, the specific timing of delta bursts following hyperventilation is more closely aligned with Moyamoya. Cerebral aneurysms and multiple sclerosis have their own characteristic EEG findings, but they do not typically associate with the specific reappearance of delta bursts in the same manner after hyperventilation.