What can the identification of specific wave patterns in EEG help diagnose?

The identification of specific wave patterns in an EEG is vital for diagnosing seizures and various neurological disorders. Different types of brain activity can indicate the presence of conditions such as epilepsy, where distinct spike-and-wave patterns might be observed during a seizure. Other neurological disorders might also present with abnormal EEG patterns, assisting in the differential diagnosis of conditions like encephalopathy or sleep disorders. The interpretation of waveforms, such as alpha, beta, theta, and delta, provides critical insights into brain function and dysfunction, making EEG a key tool in assessing neurological health.

The other options focus on bodily systems unrelated to electrical activity in the brain, where EEG findings would not provide relevant diagnostic information.