Which factor is likely to alter brain wave activity in EEG?

Medication use is a crucial factor that can significantly alter brain wave activity in an EEG. Different medications, particularly those that affect the central nervous system, can change neurotransmitter levels and brain functioning, which in turn affects the patterns of electrical activity in the brain. For example, sedatives may decrease the frequency of brain waves, while stimulants might increase them.

Other factors like physical exercise, hydration levels, and dietary habits can influence brain function and overall well-being, but their effects on EEG readings are generally more indirect or subtle compared to the direct impact of medications. Medications can lead to rapid and noticeable changes in brain wave patterns, making them a primary consideration when analyzing EEG results.